Preparation and Evaluation of Prolonged-Action Oxybutynin Hydrochloride Solution for Intravesical Instillation Therapy.

Intravesical Oxybutynin for Neurogenic Bladder in Children

Neuropathic bladder dysfunction caused by spinal cord disease may lead to irreversible renal damage and urinary incontinence. The majority of affected children can be successfully managed with standard medical treatment such as oral anti-cholinergic medication (typically oxybutynin or tolterodine) with or without Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC). The efficacy of this treatment, however,...

exploring motivation and english test preparation strategies of iranian pre-university candidates during and at the end of test preparation period for konkur examination

the current study aimed at investigating the relationship between motivation and test preparation strategies (tpss) used by iranian pre-university students in their preparation period for the university entrance exam (uee). due to the importance of uee in iran, this study also attempted to show its impact on these two important variables. to this end, 100 pre-university students in an iranian p...

preparation of smart in situ gel forming polymeric nanomicelles for prolonged release of naltrexone hydrochloride

Modified Intravesical Oxybutynin Chloride Therapy in Children with Neurogenic Bladder: a Ten-year Follow-up

Hypothesis / aims of study Children with spinal cord disorders can present with neurogenic bladder, a condition in which the bladder partly or completely loses its ability to store urine and void at low pressure. A bladder with low compliance may cause urinary incontinence, which negatively impacts quality of life and renal function. Long-term high pressure neurogenic bladder can increase the r...

Systemic BCG‐osis following intravesical BCG instillation for bladder carcinoma

Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been shown to be an effective form of immunotherapy for bladder cancer. This case report describes a patient who develops systemic BCG-osis following intravesical BCG instillation and demonstrates the importance of being aware of more severe complications associated with BCG immunotherapy.